The article presents the results of the analysis of the known methods of measuring the quality control of construction products.
Advantages of extending the scope of remote methods of the control by measurement including photogrammetry are listed.
Expediency of colour-texture analysis of surfaces at the quality control of construction products is substantiated.
The field of rational application of colour-texture analysis at manufacturing supervision and field inspection of buildings and constructions is shown.
Keywords: building structures, product quality inspection, control by measurement, organoleptic inspection, methods of photogrammetry, colour texture analysis
One of the main advantages of digital imaging - the ability to create highly informative models of studied objects and terrain , which is achieved by the use of vector graphics primitives , as in the image plane and in the space of the stereo . Digital photogrammetry is available for many sectors of the economy , as does not require expensive equipment. However, the accuracy of the decided tasks affects the fact that the digital photographs have lower depictive properties and informativeness, with their comparison with the photographs, furthermore for their working large computational power be required. Under the contemporary conditions ground-based stereophotogrammetrical survey, with the smaller cost of operation, allows rapidly, and also in the regime “real time”, to obtain the large volumes of information about the object being studied .
Keywords: Photogrammetry, digital image, digital cameras, ground-based stereophotogrammetrical survey, the calibration
Only innovative activity is able to unite all aspects of science, equipment, economy, business and management. The current state of the innovative sphere of Russia speaks about serious contradictions in its functioning. Considerable scientific and technical capacity of the country was lost in the period of economic reforms. Now often it is impossible to predict precisely succession of events in economic life of the country generally and each organization separately. In modern conditions scientific and technical progress represents innovative development which is defined by the state as the most important priority of economic policy. Innovative potential of any managing subject needs to be estimated as difficult social and institutional system. To encourage managers and the production personnel competently developed motivational strategy is necessary to conduct work on search of innovations. Achievement of the put indicators of innovative development of the Rostov region and the country as a whole has to become result of an offered method of interaction of science, business and authorities.
Keywords: innovative activity, scientific and technical potential, economy, business, ideas, effect, development
Each investment project is a difficult product and has a set of financial decisions. As the investment program of development of firm can include some investment projects, investment decisions need to be analyzed not only from positions quantitative, but also from a position of quality indicators of the long-term tasks facing the enterprise. Uncertainty is represented the main mechanism of many considerable economic events as is a component of a production activity. Development of different administrative decisions is influenced usually by risk. When at decision-making we don't take into account possible losses, they are unexpected are transferred heavier. The risk reason as uncertainty is instability of social and economic system. Application of an offered method of risk analysis allows to receive useful information about expected values of the discounted income and net earnings, and also to carry out the analysis of their probabilistic distributions.
Keywords: Investments, projects, decision, resources, deviation, uncertainty, risk, probability, discounting
The construction organizations for successful implementation of the project need to carry out the whole complex of actions which structure includes planning, the organization and management of construction processes. It is especially important to be able to plan in modern conditions when degree of uncertainty of the future is very high. In this regard, in construction branch there was a need for program complexes on planning and management of projects. They are required for a choice of an optimum way of implementation of the project with the most effective use of resources.
For development of such program complex authors took house reconstruction in Rostov-on-Don. Introduction of information system of planning can cardinally increase efficiency of implementation of the project. It is offered to reduce planning terms due to saving of time for search of demanded information and on computing operations.
Keywords: information technologies, project, planning, reconstruction, algorithm, economy
he main reason interfering effective steady activity of the self-regulating organizations (SRO) in construction branch,
risks are. The risk is closely connected with the concept "uncertainty". Application of innovative approach allows to allocate two approaches to ensuring competitiveness of the construction organizations: marketing and integrated. During research the risks interfering stability of the self-regulating organizations in construction are revealed. The reasons of emergence of these risks are analysed, recommendations about their prevention are made. Minimization of approach of subsidiary responsibility according to obligations of members of the self-regulating organizations is especially considered.
Keywords: The self-adjustable organizations, construction, risk, uncertainty, the information, the decision, the innovative approach, prevention
Operation of sylvinite ore desliming is an important step of potassium chloride production by floatation method. It is known that ultrasonic treatment is applied to increase the efficiency of insoluble rest separating from an ore. The purpose was to establish kinetic regularities of the insoluble rest removal from sylvinite ore crystals of the same particle size distribution. Investigations were carried out with mechanical stirring and sonication of varying intensity. It is established that process of sylvinite ore desliming occurs in the diffusion mode. Application of ultrasonic treatment allows to intensify process in 2-4 times as compared with mechanical desliming. Influence of sylvinite ore treatment parameters to chemical composition changing of the insoluble rest is defined. It is shown that sonication for 90 seconds leads to removing carbonates from ore crystals withal concentrating of the iron compounds.
Keywords: desliming, sylvinite ore, ultrasonic treatment, sonication, insoluble rest.
In our country creation of country housing real estate was slowed down due to the lack of necessary infrastructure, and also high level of cost at its creation. The main factor promoting development of mass low housing, existence of the corresponding infrastructure and necessary communications, and also in certain cases objects of social infrastructure is.
It is impossible to forget and the problems arising by consideration of potential of development of low housing: infrastructure dilapidation; small number of free land fund; complexity of preparation of infrastructure of the territory; difficulties in search of financial resources; small susceptibility of branch to innovative processes.
The scientific logistic model of the organization of the mass low housing construction, considering creation of necessary objects of infrastructure for building is offered. Now need of strategically planned coordination of business and the state is the only way to the solution of infrastructure and other tasks connected with development of low housing construction from developers and builders.
Keywords: housing, innovations, infrastructure, low, model
In recent years reconstruction of buildings and constructions became one of the main directions in the field of construction. Considering that at reconstruction capital investments it is significantly less, and payback is higher, than at new construction, the share of capital investments in reconstruction will increase.
It is necessary to apply intensive methods of repair and reconstruction of buildings and constructions as one-time costs of reconstruction and repair there are less than one-time costs of new construction in construction production. Considering a significant amount of the factors significantly influencing the organization of construction at reconstruction of buildings and constructions, previously before development of organizational and technological documentation it is necessary to prepare the list of the data necessary for the organization of construction works and to make their analysis which concerns the analysis of projects and the territory of a building site, including situational plans.
Keywords: reconstruction, specifics of the organization, factors, systematization, analysis, feasibility study
We study the problems in the propagation of acoustic waves of a sound range near the boundaries of media. The features of the wave processes occurring at the water-air interface, due to the influence of inhomogeneous waves. Considered in detail the properties and parameters of an inhomogeneous plane wave. The mathematical calculations of the transmission coefficients L.M. Brekhovskikh for spherical and cylindrical waves through this boundary, allowing to take into account the contribution of inhomogeneous components. It is shown that than the frequency of radiation of a source is lower and the closer it is located to water-air interface, the acoustic transparency of this border is higher. Study of the dependence of the transmission coefficient of the water-air interface at low frequencies can have important consequences in a number of fundamental and applied problems. Increase the transparency of the interface requires a reassessment of the feasibility of acoustic communication from water in the air, the detection of underwater sources without dipping into the water and acoustic monitoring of the physical processes occurring in the water.
Keywords: Inhomogeneous plane wave, water-air interface, transmission coefficient, wavelength, spherical wave, acoustic impedance.
In our hard time the main methods of decision-making are axiomatic, heuristic and verbal. Heuristic approach corresponds to the repeating difficult situations which aren't giving in to the direct mathematical analysis. The selection process is modeled as solutions to reproduce the course of human reasoning.
The emergency situation on separate object is comparable to crisis in economy of the whole state. On the detailed analysis and checks simply there is no time. The most perspective directions here – application of heuristic models and the quantum theory on the basis of system approach to the solution of arising problems. Conscious intervention of managers in development of system is carried out by control of signs of the organization of processes. To reduce novelty and complexity of a problem, it is necessary to receive additional information. Based on this information, the experience and intuition, the head gives to results estimated probability. When costs of collecting additional information are great, it is possible to assume probability of events on the basis of last experience and judgments.
Achievement of the planned purpose with orientation to the future can be provided at concentration of the main influence on the future analysis (including on the analysis of hypothetical crisis situations), instead of the past.
Keywords: сrisis, methods, axiomatic, verbal, heuristic, uncertainty, information, risk, system, chaos
Zoning of territories is one of the mechanisms of real estate management. Economic analysis of real estate includes consideration of the problems of spatial – economic development of real estate which exists in specially organized space. Difference in land value, expressed through economic parameters of real estate, forms the basis of territorial – economic zoning, definition of cost equivalent of real estate objects. Global practice shows, that it is increase of land value as a result of zonal-territorial policy realization that leads to the maximal economic benefit. Only joint influence on real estate objects and their spatial environment сan provide the best social and economic results.
Keywords: Zoning of territories, real estate management, economic analysis, zonal-territorial policy realization, spatial – economic development of real estate
The article discusses features of online monitoring using interactive questionnaires in educational sphere. The main features of online programs are given for carrying out research. The factors which determine quality of monitoring program are considered. There are represented the main advantages of online questionnaires usage for researchers and respondents.
Keywords: educational monitoring, interactive questionnaire, online monitoring, quality of educational processes
Discusses the main changes in kolorostike residential interiors in the period from 2003 to 2013 on the basis of analysis of works by Russian disigners. Whole Russian interior designers have lost some identity. Changing the color palette for the interior, executed in the style of "Art Deco", "modern", "fusion". Novation - "Ecostyle" and interiors in a light-color installations. Basically, the color palette has become more complex and sophisticated, perhaps less distinctive.
Keywords: palette, styles, art deco, fusion, ideally Ecostyle, color, private interiors, contrast
Design unique buildings and structures is a complex task requiring high qualifications, training and experience specific performers. The article describes in detail the contents of the various etapovproektirovaniya, the basic requirements and features, starting with the technical specifications of the project and finishing expertise. Outlines the features of pre-training, the issues that must be resolved before the start of work. We consider the load that must be considered and especially the calculations. The requirements on the development of specific technical specifications (CTS) on the object and scientific and technical support of the project (NTS) Particular attention is given of experimental studies of physical models of buildings and unique structures. The following material can serve as a basis for program and algorithm for the design of long-span and high-rise buildings and unique structures.
Keywords: Unique building, maintenance building, pre-project, load a single spatial system, structural analysis, specific technical specifications (CTS), scientific and technical support, monitoring, model, examination