With the help of so-called deformations (that is of probability measures families on sigma-fields forming a filtration) a notion of deformed martingale is introduced. This notion generalizes the classical concept of martingale with discrete time. We differ two sorts of deformed martingales: deformed martingales of the 1-st and the 2-nd type. Similarly deformed sub- and supermartingales of the 1-st and the 2-nd type are introduced. We prove that infimum of arbitrary family of deformed supermartingales is a supermartingale and that convexe function of deformed martingale is a deformed submartingale. In addition, for deformed martingales of the 2-nd type a telescopic property is obtained.

Keywords: Filtration, probability measure, deformation, deformed martingale, telescopic property

Management can be performed on the principles of motivation, planning, regulation of the course of production, coordination, organization and control on execution of decisions. Operate and develop the production units, depending on the goals

Keywords: structure, management, goal, head, processes, organisation.

this article raises the question of choosing a set of machines and shaping the sound of the algorithm sets of machines and mechanism that allowed us to determine the basic design characteristics, the type and number of vehicles, as well as the feasibility of using mechanisms in the construction processes.

Keywords: machines, equipment, technology, organization, set

The main stages of the formation of the organization of cycling in cities, such as the rationale for cycling, the analysis of climatic characteristics, public opinion poll, the requirements for the organization of cycling, the development of cycling routes

Keywords: rationale for cycling, the analysis of climatic characteristics, the requirements for the organization, the development of routes

This article is devoted to the consideration of economic, social and urban effect in the co-production work on the laying of utilities. The main results of evaluation of the economic efficiency of the options considered gasket types of utilities.

Keywords: efficiency, design, evaluation, variance, network engineering, installation

The importance of remote sensing of the earth, because of their unique features (wide territorial coverage, efficiency, control of remote areas, using all-weather radar imaging, etc.) are for environmental control and monitoring in the areas of economic activities such as oil and gas, agriculture, forestry and water management, in the evaluation of human and human impact on the environment.

Keywords: Remote sensing of the earth, satellite, sensor, digital images, photographs, environmental monitoring, desertification

The problem of utilization of iron ore tailings . The prospects of iron ore mining in the Russian underground . A method for extracting iron from tailings to 9 % of the original content, by mechanochemical processing. The results of particle size distribution , chemical and mineralogical analyzes of samples collected waste ferruginous quartzites LGOK . Experiments were carried out using the methods of planning optimal experiments , Box-Behnken and included 24 experience. Obtained according to the content of metal recovery in the leach solution of sulfuric acid , sodium chloride , rotor speed and the ratio of disintegrant liquid and solid phases. This dependence allows to determine the optimal parameters of technology in terms of " metal recovery ." The resulting secondary processing of tailings to be used in the manufacture of hardening mixes for stowing as an inert filler and binder counterpart .

Keywords: tailings, mechano-chemical activation, iron ore, ferruginous quartzites, metal recovery

The nano-catalyst ceria (CeO2), activated by Pt nanoparticles, is known for being prospective and efficient material widely used in catalysis, fuel elements, and sensors. One of the most up-to-date methods of catalysts' reasearch is X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) that is sensitive to the chemical state of catalyst's active centers [1,2]. Using XAS in the fluorescense detection mode at CeL1 line with high precision we studied electronic structure of Pt-activated nanoparticles of ceria at various redox conditions. In order to detect partial X-ray fluorescence yield the emission line CeLγ3 was used, which allowed us to increase spectral resolution. We researched local atomic and electronic structure of the materials under study. Oxygen vacansies were found to appear on the nanoparticles surface of ceria at 5% CO He atmosphere. Theoretical modeling of the obtained spectra at CeL1-edge demonstrated good agreement with experiment.

Keywords: X-ray absorption spectroscopy, HERFD, XAS, Ce-based catalysts, oxygen vacansies

One of the main advantages of digital imaging - the ability to create highly informative models of studied objects and terrain , which is achieved by the use of vector graphics primitives , as in the image plane and in the space of the stereo . Digital photogrammetry is available for many sectors of the economy , as does not require expensive equipment. However, the accuracy of the decided tasks affects the fact that the digital photographs have lower depictive properties and informativeness, with their comparison with the photographs, furthermore for their working large computational power be required.  Under the contemporary conditions ground-based stereophotogrammetrical survey, with the smaller cost of operation, allows rapidly, and also in the regime “real time”, to obtain the large volumes of information about the object being studied .

Keywords: Photogrammetry, digital image, digital cameras, ground-based stereophotogrammetrical survey, the calibration

We consider the relevance, peculiarities and the main stages of composite developments in the technology of production of finishing materials based on glass and ceramics. The description of technology of production of universal fragments, making the block-transformer. As basic materials for the development of applied chamotte ceramics and glass sheet.

Keywords: composite development, design, manufacturing technology, unit transformer, fireclay, glass

This paper describes an in-situ experimental technique to study of ceria nanocatalysts by using X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy XANES. This technique allows us to determine Ce3+ concentration inside ceria nanoparticles in the course of catalytic reaction based on the comparison and divergence minimization of the Ce L3 XANES spectrum of the ceria nanoparticles under catalysts (atmosphere, temperature) with a linear combination of two independent components corresponding to spectra of Ce4+ ion of the CeO2 structure and Ce3+ ion of the theoretical Ce2O3 structure. The calculated weight ratio determines the Ce3 + concentration in the sample during the catalytic reactions.

Keywords: in-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, HERFD, XAS, ceria nanoparticles, Ce-based catalysts, Ce3+ concentration

Common conceptions are given about multi-sensor systems. The structure of the data processing unit of multi-sensor system for concentration monitoring of heavy metals ions in aqueous media is described. Main stages of the data processing, – clustering and quantitative identification are introduced. The approach which presupposes use of artificial neural networks, – Kohonen networks and radial basis function networks, is designed. Such algorithmic architecture is implemented which allows to avoid significant computing resources expenses. The program for computer IBM PC in high-level language of application package MATLAB is written.

Keywords: Multi-sensor systems, artificial neural networks, Kohonen networks, radial basis function networks, data processing, pattern recognition, environmental monitoring, heavy metals, ion-selective electrodes

  Stability of sensors on the basis of inorganic oxide materials is one of the primary goals by working out of atmospheric air control devices. In this work long-term stability of a sensor response on the basis of the SiO2SnOxCuOy material to carbon oxide (II) exposure in a range of concentration 1-100 ppm is studied. It is shown that the sensor response differs high stability and reproducibility. Continuous heating within 21 days to working temperature (350°С) influence its value negligibly.

Keywords: stability of a response, sensor, carbon oxide, material of structure of SiO2SnOxCuOy.

In the present workwas carried outmodeling of self-assembly of conductive polymer materials for hybridsensor systems for example polyacrylonitrile with silver metallic inclusions. Implementation of modeling was performed by the Wang-Landau and entropic Monte Carlo simulation based on a model with a fixed valence angle. For modeling polymerization process using an algorithm based on the principles of irreversible aggregation of Eden.Methods of quantum chemistry has been investigated and the possibility of obtaining the silver property PAN, as there doxpolymer.

Keywords: Hybrid sensor systems polyconjugated functional conductive polymers, metal-organic polymer composites, the energy of the Hartree-Focksemi conductor gas sensitive materials, mathematical modeling, Monte Carlo, quantum-chemical calculations

Classical implementation of active selective amplifiers (SA) are usually associated with design sophisticated active elements (operational amplifiers) that consume relatively large power from their universality. This paper present the active SA based on an analog array chip ABMK_1_3, that have high level of radiation resistance to the flow of neutrons and accumulated dose of radiation. This SA implemented on the basis of a voltage-to-current converter with a minimum number of transistors and low consumption static current. Efficient use of current amplifier can be explained by use frequency dependent symmetric chains in a feedback loop. This property provides the independence of the pole frequency f0 = fp on the gain of the active element, as well as maximizing the quality factor.
The basic analytical expressions that establish the relationships between the SA and the characteristics of active and passive components are given. The relations that help minimize sensitivity of parameters SA to instability properties of the components are considered. Simulation results of desired SA are shown.  

Keywords: selective amplifier, bandpass filter, active RC-filter, analog array chip, radiation hardness