In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the popularity of modular construction in Russia and in other countries. This form of construction offers a number of advantages, including a reduction in construction time, a decrease in costs, an improvement in the quality of modular construction, and a reduction in the negative environmental impact.

Keywords: еhe subject matter encompasses modular construction, prospects, Russia, international experience, construction technologies, housing construction, and innovations

The paper considers a method for obtaining gypsum foam based on various compositions of dry mixtures, including a foaming agent, various sorbents, and gypsum binder. Expanded vermiculite, perlite sand, and crushed expanded clay gravel were used as sorbents. The most effective sorbent of the above is the crushing waste from the production of expanded clay gravel. As studies have shown, foam gypsum with a density of 250 kg/m3 and a strength of 0.9 MPa can be obtained.

Keywords: Dry mix, adsorption, gypsum foam, gypsum binders, sorbent, expanded clay sand, vermiculite, perlite, foaming agent

The article discusses the features of modeling composite reinforced concrete beams from various (B25 and B65) concrete strength classes. The basic principles of the theory of composite rods were applied in the modeling process. The section of the reinforced concrete beam was divided by boundary layers with a reduced shear coefficient. The stresses and the nature of the distribution of deformations over the height of the beam section were evaluated before and after the introduction of a different number of boundary layers. During the extended analysis, options for introducing vertically arranged boundary layers along the length of the beam were considered. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to evaluate the specifics of the operation of bent structures with a different number of boundary layers.

Keywords: contact zone, contact characteristic, shear modulus, shear calculation, composite structure, reinforced concrete beam made of high-strength concrete

The paper presents a method for quantitative assessment of zigzag trajectories of vehicles, which allows to identify potentially dangerous behavior of drivers. The algorithm analyzes changes in direction between trajectory segments and includes data preprocessing steps: merging of closely spaced points and trajectory simplification using a modified Ramer-Douglas-Pecker algorithm. Experiments on a balanced data set (20 trajectories) confirmed the effectiveness of the method: accuracy - 0.8, completeness - 1.0, F1-measure - 0.833. The developed approach can be applied in traffic monitoring, accident prevention and hazardous driving detection systems. Further research is aimed at improving the accuracy and adapting the method to real-world conditions.

Keywords: trajectory, trajectory analysis, zigzag, trajectory simplification, Ramer-Douglas-Pecker algorithm, yolo, object detection

Currently, bitumen-polymer roofing materials are used in the construction of various types of buildings and structures, which have sufficient strength characteristics, wear resistance, water resistance and are convenient for installation. The mechanical properties of bitumen-polymer materials are significantly affected by the operating temperature. Of scientific interest is the analysis of the possibility of restoring the integrity of bitumen-polymer roofing materials at elevated temperatures, damaged as a result of mechanical stress at subzero temperatures. The article presents the results of testing the flexibility of samples of roofing bitumen-polymer materials at subzero temperatures. The samples that were damaged during the test were subjected to subsequent heating in a temperature chamber in order to identify the possibility of restoring the integrity of the material and the temperature at which the restoration would occur. The analysis of the test results showed the possibility of restoring the integrity of the material and the direct dependence of the quality of restoration of integrity on the heating temperature of the material.

Keywords: restoration of integrity, bitumen-polymer materials, roofing materials, flexibility, influence of temperature

The article is devoted to the development of modular construction in Russia and related problems. Given the ongoing shortage of living space and the need to modernize the housing stock, modular construction is a promising solution for the rapid construction of affordable housing. Despite the advantages such as faster implementation times, high flexibility and adaptability to various needs, and the ability to quickly dismantle and expand buildings, the technology faces serious challenges in Russia. The lack of a unified regulatory framework and certification brings additional difficulties with financing and lack of infrastructure, which significantly limits the mass use of modular structures. These factors slow down the process of integrating modular construction into domestic construction practice. At the same time, international experience and successful examples of the implementation of such projects, such as the Habitat 67 residential complex in Canada and the high-rise building "Naikagin Capsule Tower" in Japan, demonstrate the possibilities of modular construction in various sectors. Russia continues to actively work on the adaptation of modular technologies, which opens up prospects for solving housing problems and the rapid construction of social facilities. In the country modular construction can play an important role in solving housing problems, especially in regions where traditional construction methods are economically impractical. Despite the existing problems, the implementation of this technology continues to evolve, which opens up prospects for future growth and improvement of the construction industry in Russia.

Keywords: modular construction, energy efficiency, prefabricated buildings, regulatory and technical documentation, block modules, modular systems, frame buildings, modular buildings, modular construction technology

Based on the analysis of behavioral characteristics, the main indicators that provide the greatest accuracy in identifying users of mobile devices are identified. As part of the research, software has been written to collect touchscreen data when performing typical user actions. Identification algorithms are implemented based on machine learning algorithms and accuracy is shown. The results obtained in the study can be used to build continuous identification systems.

Keywords: user behavior, touch screen, continuous identification, biometrics, dataset, classification, deep learning, recurrent neural network, mobile device

A class of mathematical methods for code channel division has been developed based on the use of pairs of orthogonal encoding and decoding matrices, the components of which are polynomials and integers. The principles of constructing schemes for implementing code channel combining on the transmitting side and arithmetic code channel division on the receiving side of the communication system and examples of such schemes are presented. The proposed approach will significantly simplify the design of encoding and decoding devices used in space and satellite communication systems.

Keywords: telecommunications systems, telecommunications devices, multiplexing, code division of channels, matrix analysis, encoding matrices, synthesis method, orthogonal matrices, integers

The effect of gamma radiation on concretes of nuclear facilities and their components has been studied less than the effect of neutron radiation. In this regard, the purpose of this work was to assess radiation changes in concrete structures of various nuclear facilities under the influence of gamma radiation. The work presents computational studies of radiation changes in volume and compressive strength under the influence of gamma radiation in concrete structures of various premises of nuclear facilities. The calculations were performed using methods developed for the analytical determination of radiation changes in concretes and their components under neutron irradiation and heating. The rationale for their use was considered earlier. The calculations were based on the methods previously developed by the author for predicting radiation changes in fillers and cement stone under the influence of gamma radiation. It was found that under the influence of gamma radiation, significant radiation changes, especially in strength, occur and will occur in concrete structures of the considered premises of various nuclear facilities in most cases. Gamma radiation causes a decrease in volume and a decrease in strength, but it is different for concrete in different rooms depending on the absorbed dose rate. Radiation changes increase with an increase in the dose rate and the duration of operation. The calculated radiation changes in concrete under the influence of gamma radiation should be taken into account in the design, operation and especially when extending the operation of nuclear power facilities. However, the change in strength can be partially compensated by additional hydration and especially by an increase in strength due to carbonization. However, this is not taken into account in the calculations, since it has not yet been sufficiently studied. In this regard, the obtained results show the possible maximum effect of gamma radiation. Upon receipt of specific data on the effect of carbonization, the presented results can be adjusted.

Keywords: concrete, nuclear power facilities, nuclear power plants, gamma radiation effects, radiation changes in concrete, volume change, radiation changes in strength

The article considers a variant of constructing a model of a solar battery orientation drive based on a DC motor and PID control. Orientation in space is performed along two axes: azimuth and zenith. The model is used for optimal adjustment of PID controller parameters when processing the required orientation angles under gusty wind conditions. The following are used as the main adjustment criteria: small overshoot when processing the angle, aperiodic (non-oscillatory) nature of transient processes, minimum dynamic error in compensating for wind effects when processing the angle, minimum settling time when processing the effect. The controller was optimized using the coordinate descent method. A variant of controller adjustment for the optimal mode is given with process graphs confirming its practical optimality. The constructed drive model can be used to implement a digital twin of the solar battery panel orientation drive monitoring and control system.

Keywords: mathematical model of the drive, PID controller, solar panel, gusty wind effects, azimuth and zenith orientation, optimization by complex criterion

A method is proposed for cascading connection of encoding and decoding devices to implement code division of channels. It is shown that by increasing the number of cascading levels, their implementation is significantly simplified and the number of operations performed is reduced. In this case, as many pairs of subscribers can simultaneously exchange information, what is the minimum order of the encoding and decoding devices in the system. The proposed approach will significantly simplify the design of encoding and decoding devices used in space and satellite communication systems.

Keywords: telecommunications systems, telecommunications devices, multiplexing, code division of channels, orthogonal matrices, integers, cascaded connection

The development, research and construction of devices that speed up the process of interaction between various modules (for example, telemetry and remote control systems), and in general, hybrid communication systems of a digital city that include a variety of systems used in an Intelligent Building is an urgent problem. One of these devices presented in the article is the optimal multi–frequency modem developed. In addition to the developed modem, the article presents examples of the development of similar types of devices and systems by both Russian and foreign researchers. At the same time, the authors proved that the use of the proposed modem provides a gain in spectral and energy efficiency in comparison with analogues. The proposed approach can be used to organize high-speed data transmission over frequency-limited communication channels based on new wired technologies of the digital subscriber line standard, as well as wireless systems.

Keywords: telemetry and remote control system, intelligent building, digital city hybrid communications system, modem, multi-frequency modulation, digital subscriber line, optimal finite signal, modulator, demodulator, wireless communication system

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of a systematic approach to the implementation and development of innovative information technologies aimed at preventing offenses committed by foreign citizens. The introduction provides an overview of the growing importance of employing advanced technological solutions in law enforcement, particularly in addressing challenges associated with foreign nationals. The main objectives of the study are to explore how the integration of technologies such as big data processing, artificial intelligence, and geographic information systems can enhance the efficiency of preventive measures. The article details the use of data analysis techniques, machine learning models, and system integration to create a unified information platform. This platform enables the consolidation of data from diverse sources, thereby improving the coordination between different law enforcement units and facilitating faster and more informed decision-making processes. The integration of these technologies also supports process standardization, reducing data inconsistencies and ensuring more reliable operations across various departments. The results highlight the benefits of utilizing big data analytics to process vast amounts of information that would be otherwise impossible to handle efficiently. Artificial intelligence, through predictive models and risk assessment tools, plays a crucial role in identifying potential threats and allocating resources effectively. Geographic information systems contribute by mapping crime hotspots and providing spatial analysis, which aids in targeted intervention strategies. The discussion emphasizes the importance of a unified approach to technology implementation, focusing on the creation of an integrated information system that can adapt to ongoing changes in the social and legal environment. The adaptability of the system is critical for maintaining its effectiveness in the face of new challenges and evolving regulatory requirements. The development of standardized data collection and processing protocols further enhances the system's resilience and operational efficiency. In conclusion, the article underscores that a systematic and integrated use of innovative information technologies significantly improves the effectiveness of crime prevention efforts and the overall efficiency of law enforcement agencies. The proposed approach not only facilitates proactive measures but also ensures a high level of responsiveness to emerging security threats, thereby strengthening public safety.

Keywords: systemic approach, innovative information technologies, crime prevention, foreign citizens, big data, artificial intelligence, geoinformation systems, information platform, standardization, law enforcement agencies, efficiency management, data integration

This study examines the structure and characteristics of multilayer autoencoders (MAEs) used in detecting computer attacks. The potential of MAEs for improving detection capabilities in cybersecurity is analyzed, with a focus on their role in reducing the dimensionality of large datasets involved in identifying computer attacks. The study explores the use of different neuron activation functions within the network and the most commonly applied loss functions that define reconstruction quality of the original data. Additionally, an optimization algorithm for autoencoder parameters is considered, designed to accelerate model training, reduce the likelihood of overfitting, and minimize the loss function.

Keywords: neural networks, layers, neurons, loss function, activation function, mobile applications, attacks, hyperparameters, optimization, machine learning

The use of methods for strengthening soils with Portland cement makes it possible to increase the physical and mechanical properties of soils: strength, frost resistance, water permeability, etc. A technical understanding of the processes of structure formation in reinforced soils makes it possible to regulate the final properties and quality of the layers of highways. To describe the processes of structure formation, it is possible to use the theory of contact interactions and the theory of DLFO. The final properties of the reinforced soil are influenced by the following factors: mineralogy and specific surface area of the soil, water content, amount of cement, curing time and method of compaction.

Keywords: stabilized soils, structure formation of stabilized soils, stabilization with Portland cement, properties of stabilized soils