The article formulates a number of measures to reduce the negative impact of construction technologies on the environment. Documents establishing "green" standards are considered. Some environmentally friendly technologies used in green building are studied. The experience of construction of eco-facilities in Russia and abroad is considered.

Keywords: green building, green standards, energy efficiency, environmental friendliness

The paper presents results of a study of operational recursive methods for quasiharmonic signals frequency estimating over a short observation interval. Such methods should be used, for example, for adaptive control of directional pattern of hydroacoustic antennas in inhomogeneous medium. We proposed recursive expressions for realizations of four methods of frequency estimation within the limits of sliding observation interval. The expressions require a minimum number of mathematical operations, which does not depend on the observation interval length. We carried out comparative analysis of the speed, accuracy, and stability of the methods. The stability of the methods was analyzed based on results of model signals processing with constant amplitude, frequency, and initial phase in presence of additive white normal noise. The accuracy was investigated by the processing results of signals with slow varying amplitude and phase. The paper also presents the results of processing of long sequences of modulated signals with additive noise within a sliding window with predetermined duration. The obtained results make it possible to select from among the four methods the optimal one according to one or more criteria.

Keywords: communication channel, directional pattern, frequency estimation, recursive method, accuracy of method, stability of method, sliding interval

Agriculture plays a significant role in ensuring food security of countries, and improving the efficiency of the agricultural industry is an important aspect in the world with a growing population. Collecting and analyzing big data in agriculture can help a farmer make more accurate decisions, save resources and increase yields. This article discusses aspects of choosing a mechanism to collect data on the state of the soil and weather conditions. The research was based on the results of a survey of farmers in the Astrakhan region and the author's experience in realizing projects for the collection and analysis of data in the field of crop production. The article gives recommendations on the choice of sensors for data collection.

Keywords: digital agriculture, soil sensor, weather sensor, big data, data science, precision farming, data collection, digital economy

The question of cost management of the construction organization within the economic mechanism of functioning of the enterprises of a construction complex is considered, classical techniques and the options of their use accepted in construction are given. Examines "the system of regulatory cost accounting", regulatory documents on the formation of the cost of construction products.

Keywords: cost management, cost management, costs, construction, construction organization, construction products

The paper describes a microscopic method for determining the dispersed composition of particles, a scheme for analyzing the dispersed composition of particles of various materials, the fundamentals of algorithms used in computer programs for the processing of particulate dispersion and the development of recommendations for their improvement.

Keywords: computer data analysis, technique, dispersion, particle diameter, dust, dispersed materials, ecology

The article deals with the parametric method of pump unit diagnostics. The well-known methods of diagnostics are described, the comparison of methods is given. The parametric method allows to determine the current state of the pumping unit on the basis of publicly available information in the process of liquid pumping. The article presents a mathematical model of the system frequency Converter, engine, pump. An example of changing the coefficients of the diagnostic model is given.

Keywords: centrifugal pumps, methods, diagnostics, parameters, mathematical model, coefficient, diagnostic models

Passenger traffic is the number of passengers moving in one direction at a given time. Passenger flows are depicted in the form of graphs, maps, diagrams or fixed in tables. Research methods are divided into the following features; 1) by the length of the period covered 2) In terms of scope 3) by type Methods of automated research: - non-contact method -contact method To ensure the rational filling of the rolling stock, the proper fluctuation of passenger flows, the number, capacity and separation of the rolling stock on the transport network must change. Significant impact on passenger traffic has: the level of development of social production, social structure of society; way of life; geographical environment and the nature of settlement; development of technology; information and communication; budget of free time; cultural, domestic and social needs of people. In connection with the Providence of the world Cup is expected to be a huge number of fans in the city of Samara, for more capacity of fans, the route of personal and public transport has been changed. In the period of the 2018 world Cup will operate on two schemes of movement of vehicles: 1) Daily (in the period from June 14 to July 15); 2) Enhanced (for the period of game matches at the Samara arena stadium ).

Keywords: urban transport; personal transport; passenger traffic; routes; methods; passengers; daily mode; enhanced mode; world championship; traffic scheme

The relevance of modeling, design of digital devices and further synthesis of it on FPGA are substantiated in this article. This approach is demonstrated by example of microprocessor with famous architecture MIPS on the VHDL language. The further modeling, synthesis on FPGA by Altera and test on the specific example confirm the opportunity of prototyping real digital devices with the introduсed method.

Keywords: microprocessor, test, programmable logic integrated circuit, digital device, verification, model, hardware description language, field-programmable gate array,pipeline ,MIPS

Numerical physical-topological modeling is carried out to optimize the thickness of perovskite solar cells on the basis of the heterostructure TiO2 / CH3CN3PbI3-xClx / Spiro-OMeTAD. The results of the conducted studies showed that the optimum values ​​of the thicknesses of TiO2 and CH3CN3PbI3-xClx heterostructure films, which make it possible to obtain a high coefficient of efficiency of the solar cell, lie in relatively narrow limits. The carried out researches have shown the possibility of effective use of numerical physical-topological modeling for the development of perovskite solar cells, taking into account the features of photogeneration, recombination and transport of charge carriers in real heterostructures.

Keywords: Solar cell, perovskite, titanium dioxide, heterostructure, numerical simulation.

In this work, a study was made of the efficiency of the heat sink surface of a volumetric body with an internal heat source. An electrostatic analog of the distribution of the thermal field is chosen. A model of the convective flow is proposed, under certain initial and boundary conditions, the thermal conductivity of the medium transforming into heat removal. The conclusion is made about the ineffectiveness of the heat-conducting surface in the form of whip, finned and other designs of existing heat sinks, increasing only the mass, technological complexity of manufacture, thermal resistance and temperature of the heat-loaded element.

Keywords: Temperature field, convective heat transfer, effective heat sink area, electrostatic analog, similarity theory

The article discusses the technological capabilities of application of vibratory mechanical hard lubricant coatings on the basis of MоS2 to improve the surface quality and operational properties of parts made of aluminum with an oxide coating.

Keywords: vibration treatment, the vibration mechano-chemical coating of solid lubricant, combined methods of treatment

The loops of the dielectric hysteresis of a soft ceramics based on PZT with Curie temperature TC=210℃ are investigated. The studies were carried out at a frequency of 50 Hz in two modes. In the first of them, the field was switched on by 0.07 seconds, in the second - it operated continuously. The amplitude of the field E_m varied from 2.5 to 25 kV / cm and switched stepwise with an interval of 15 minutes. The coercive field EC and the switchable polarization P_m were determined. The switching polarity in the saturation region turns out to be no more, in contrast to BaTiO3 and other materials, but less than the corresponding values obtained with short-term switching.

Keywords: piezoceramics, piezoelectric material, hot pressing, dielectric hysteresis

The short analysis the direct-current motor running with the help of regulating resistors and thermostatic resistors is made. A fixed range of thermistor resistors can be obtained by optimizing the current. There are some graphical dependence of the load moment influences on the engine acceleration through the semiconductor rheostat. The authors give some warning to combine starting rheostats.

Keywords: thermistor, starting rheostat, direct-current motor, motor starting current line graph, combined starting resistance

This article is devoted to the review of production methods for determining the rigidity of technological systems based on metal cutting machines. A description of each method, its characteristics, describes the principle of the appearance of elastic strains of technological systems and the possibility of their measurement. For each method, the limits of its applicability and the possibility of using it in different production situations are given. The mathematical dependences are given which can allow the process engineer to estimate the value of the elastic deformations of the technological system and make appropriate adjustments even at the stage of production preparation (for example, to change the trajectory of the tool when writing the control program for CNC machines). A statistical method for determining the rigidity of technological systems is described, the graphical dependence of elastic deformations on cutting forces is given.

Keywords: Rigidity of the technological system, elastic deformation, technological system, cutting force, production method for determining rigidity

The paper contains an analysis of the results of experiments on obtaining radiative structures based on gallium antimonide, formed by the method of thermal melt migration in a semiconductor matrix. The epitaxial process modes within the selected range were optimized for such parameters as the wavelength corresponding to the fundamental transition, a small lattice discrepancy, a small discrepancy in the coefficients of thermal expansion of the growing TP and the matrix. An original effect is described - an increase in the solubility of the Bi content in solid solutions, isoperiodic binary compounds A3B5 under conditions of a gradient temperature field. This effect allows a wide variation in the optical parameters of the element base of instruments based on solid solutions of GaSbBi / GaSb. The mechanisms of the generation of dislocations in a crystallized solid solution and the features of electrophysical and photoelectric parameters are analyzed. A structural solution of a light-emitting diode with strip geometry is proposed.

Keywords: thermomigration, solid solutions, gradient epitaxy, diode with fine mes, gallium antimonide, fundamental transition, photoluminescence spectra