Calculation and analytical studies have been carried out on the influence of the duration of operation of nuclear power plants (NPP) when extending their service life on radiation and radiation-thermal changes of volume and compressive strength in serpentinite concrete of “dry” radiation-thermal shield (hereinafter referred to as “dry” shield) of Water-Water Energetic Reactors (WWER /VVER) different power. Concrete based on typical serpentinite aggregate from the Bazhenov deposit, used for the production for concrete of “dry” shield, is considered. It has been established that with increasing operating duration, radiation changes of the serpentinite concretes in “dry” shield of NPPs with VVER will generally increase monotonically and, in terms of volume changes, can become commensurate with or even exceed permissible values. In this regard, radiation changes in the concrete of «dry» shield should be taken into account when extending the operating life of nuclear power plants. It has been shown that radiation changes in the concrete of “dry” shield for NPPs with VVER-440 are 2 - 4 times more significant than of “dry” shield concrete for NPPs with VVER-1000. Radiation changes in the concrete of "dry" shield increase with decreasing average operating temperature. Thermal changes in serpentinite concretes of "dry" shield when exposed to operational and emergency temperatures increase with temperature and make a significant contribution to radiation-thermal changes in dry-shield concretes. The results obtained can be used to establish the permissible period for extending the operation of nuclear power plants with reactors of the VVER 440 and VVER-1000 types based on radiation-thermal changes in serpentinite concrete of "dry" shield.

Keywords: radiation, thermal, radiation-thermal changes, serpentinite concrete, “dry” radiation-thermal shield, water-water energetic reactors, extension of the operating life of NPP

The analysis of N.N. Pavlovsky's method for calculating the parameters of the riverbed in the branches is given. The reasons for the limitation of this method have been established. The Lagrange transform is used to find the extremum of the objective function for equations of uneven fluid motion, which makes obtaining an equivalent resistance modulus highly visual and easy to use. The results of the experiment are presented.

Keywords: calculation method, multi-node sections of rivers, resistance modulus, N.N.Pavlovsky method

This article highlights the theoretical results of analytical research in the field of the use of tethered balloons as carriers of barrier networks, which can be used as passive protection of particularly important civil and industrial facilities from unmanned aerial vehicles and other low-flying means of air attack. A diagram of an aerostatic barrier system, theoretically capable of countering air attack means, is presented. The elements of the methodology for determining the probability of damage to aircraft from cable type air barriers are presented.

Keywords: aerostatic air barrier system, unmanned aerial vehicles, tethered balloons, aerial protection of ground objects

The loads on the power floors and column foundations of modern logistics centers can reach 6-9 t/m2 and 1000 t, respectively. At the same time, the step of the grid of exploration wells in the mined areas does not allow reflecting on the geological sections the exact geometry of the occurrence of weak, untreated soils of backfilling pits. The use of a method for strengthening man-made soils by pressing in prefabricated prismatic piles made it possible to compensate for the missing information from engineering and geological surveys by controlling the forces of indentation and thus determining the occurrence marks of more durable foundation soils.

Keywords: engineering and geological surveys, the territory being worked on, man-made soils, soil reinforcement with piles, geological section

Currently, tracing the movements of various objects (in particular a person) occupies a central place in video surveillance and video analytics systems. It is a system for tracking people's movements by localizing their positions on each frame within the entire video stream and is the basis of many intellectual computer vision systems. The purpose of this article is to develop a new algorithm for tracing human movements in a video stream with the possibility of selecting motion trajectories. The main stages of the algorithm include: dividing the video into frames with a difference of one second, selecting the person under study in the video stream, implementing a digital processing process based on recognizing the clothes of the person under study and obtaining its color histogram, predicting localization and recognizing the person under study on all subsequent frames of the video stream using the developed methods of forecasting the direction of movement of this object. The output data of the proposed algorithm is used in the procedure of forming and displaying a general picture of the movement of a particular person within the entire video stream. The information and materials contained in this article may be of interest to specialists and experts who, in their work, pay special attention to data processing when analyzing fragments of the video stream.

Keywords: surveillance cameras, u2– net neural network, rembg library, pattern recognition, clothing recognition, delta E, tracing, direction prediction, object detection, tracking, mathematical statistics, predicted area, RGB pixels

The article presents ways to improve the accuracy of the classification of normative and reference information using hierarchical clustering algorithms.

Keywords: machine learning, artificial neural network, convolutional neural network, normative reference information, hierarchical clustering, DIANA

Girderless ceilings have become particularly popular in the construction of civil buildings. However, it is often necessary to reconstruct them, namely, to strengthen the joint of the plate with the column. Both domestic and foreign researchers deal with the issues of punching. This scientific article is devoted to the study of the method of strengthening reinforced concrete floor slabs by adding transverse reinforcement.

Keywords: floor plate, punching, transverse reinforcement, reinforcement

The aim of this study is mathematical modelling of the southern part of the Siberian craton using the finite element method. The task of the study is to carry out mathematical modelling of the stress-strain state of the visco-elastic-plastic medium of the Yakutsk-Vilyui large eruptive province on the basis of the boundary value problem. Hypothesis of the study: the possibility of using the results of numerical study to determine the zones of mineral dislocations. In the southern part of the craton, on the territory of the Republic of Sakha-Yakutia, there are the richest oil and gas fields, the largest of which is the Ust-Vilyuyskoye field located in the southern part of the craton. Research method: numerical experiment carried out by the method of mathematical modelling. Results achieved: finite element studies were carried out, the possibility of using numerical methods was determined, the stress-strain state of the plate was analysed, and the locations of anomalies of dislocations of craton rocks were determined to identify potential oil and gas bearing fields.

Keywords: craton, mathematical modeling, stress-strain state, geophysics, geotectonics, stretching, igneous province, material models, Hardening Soil model, finite element method, mineral dislocation

Today, the problem of global climate change and the associated degradation of permafrost is a priority area of ​ ​ research. In the regions of the Far North, a change in temperature by half a degree contributes to the emergence of geocryological dangers: the appearance of ravines, thermokarst subsidence, heaving, the formation of residential ice and, as a result, the destruction of houses and infrastructure. In Russia, the permafrost zone occupies about 63-65% of its territory and extends for thousands of kilometers. Various engineering and geological impacts, including man-made ones, represent a serious geocryological hazard and can lead to degradation of frozen soils in various regions. Due to the rapid thawing of ice and climate change, collapses and voids form on frozen soils. Also, when thawing permafrost, a large amount of groundwater is formed and there is a risk of salinization of nearby water and coastal zones. This can lead to the loss of resources that are necessary for the life of the local population, as well as for the economy of the region. Despite the fact that there are numerous programs and studies on this topic, a huge amount of work has not yet been carried out in Russia to eliminate geocryological threats.

Keywords: Geocryology, permafrost, ground, frozen soil degradation, thawing, monitoring, Yakutia, cryolithozone, geocryological hazard

In the context of stable demand for consumer electronics, current methods of automated software testing in production often prove to be inefficient, leading to an increase in software errors. This paper examines an enhanced method of automated testing using Remote Procedure Call (RPC) and cloud technologies. The main objective of the research is to create a universal and effective system for automated software testing, capable of scaling and adapting to various platforms and libraries. The results of the experiment confirmed the possibility of integrating the described method with existing testing systems without significant modifications, ensuring a higher efficiency of the testing process and a reduction in its duration.

Keywords: automated testing, consumer electronics devices, consumer electronics, software, remote procedure call, software quality, software testing, cloud devices, software production, testing task manager

The article studies the peculiarities of architecture of enterprises and small-scale energy facilities in the urban environment. A number of problems arising in the interaction of small-scale energy facilities with urban development and their placement in the urban space are described. The prerequisites of architectural and spatial classification of small-scale energy facilities are emphasized. Classification of types of small-scale energy facilities by functional, urban planning, volume-spatial and compositional features is proposed. The requirements to the architecture of small-scale energy objects and their integration into the architectural and spatial context at the present stage are formed. The identified requirements and types of small-scale energy objects create a methodological basis for the formation of adaptive approaches and promising directions for the harmonization of these objects in the structure of urban spaces.

Keywords: architecture, small-scale energy facilities, urban environment, integration, harmonization, classification features

The study is aimed at studying the corrosion processes of a metal waterstop inside technological seams in order to ensure its tightness and maintain performance qualities, since if corrosion occurs, the waterstop may lose its functional properties, which can lead to groundwater leaks. At the moment, there is no single source containing a complete set of information on corrosion processes in relation to metal waterstops, which leads to design errors, since it is extremely difficult to make the correct choice of metal waterstops, because it is impossible to analyze data and determine the parameters that determine the corrosion rate of metal waterstops in the technological concreting seam, it is necessary to take into account a large number of parameters related to the study of groundwater.

Keywords: waterproofing, technological seam, metal waterstop, corrosion processes, concrete, waterproofing system, ground water, carbonization, galvanized waterstops, copper waterstops, stainless steel waterstops

The possibility of detection of steganography in digital images based on the classification of stegocontainers is investigated. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of using deep neural networks for solving this problem. The LSB method can be detected using EfficientNet b3 architecture. The achieved classification accuracy is above 97%. Using of steganography methods in frequency domain can be effectively detected by classifying their representation in the form of a digital YCrBr model, with augmentation (vertical and horizontal rotations). The classification accuracy is above 77%.

Keywords: Steganography, stegocontainer, machine learning, classification, digital image, deep learning, CNN, EfficientNet b3, confidentiality, information protection

A new mathematical apparatus is proposed for monitoring the adequacy of the choice of signal sampling interval from the point of view of taking into account the main high-frequency components and identifying the possibilities of increasing it. It is based on the construction of special aliasing grams based on measured signal samples. Aliasing grams are graphs of standard deviations of the amplitude spectra of a conventionally reference discrete signal, specified with the highest sampling frequency, and auxiliary discrete signals obtained over the same observation interval, but with lower sampling frequencies. By analyzing such graphs, it is easy to identify sampling frequencies that lead to the appearance of the aliasing effect in the case of sampling, and, consequently, to distortion of the signal spectrum. To speed up and simplify the construction of aliasinggrams, it is proposed to use as auxiliary signals obtained from the reference one by thinning. It has been shown that this device is also effective in the case of the spectrum spreading effect. It can be used in self-learning measuring systems.

Keywords: sampling interval, aliasing, amplitude spectrum, aliasing-gram, sample decimation, spectrum spreading

The quality of asphalt concrete mixture at the output of an asphalt concrete plant is unstable due to disturbances that we cannot control or control with significant delay. Disturbances may include factors such as inaccuracies in the existing relationships between the properties of asphalt concrete mixture components and the parameters of the technological process with the quality of the finished product. Disturbances can also be attributed to our lack of knowledge about the relationships between individual indicators and the quality of the mixture. Forecasting these disturbances to determine the actual quality at the output becomes a key task. Previously, determining the optimal length of data series for forecasting was a challenging task. Nowadays, with the use of modern technologies, this problem has been successfully solved. In this article, the authors propose an adaptive forecasting method to determine the optimal length of data series. The research results include forecasting error values with and without adaptation. The adaptive forecasting method demonstrated smaller values of mean absolute error (MAE) compared to the non-adaptive forecasting method (where the length of the time series is always equal to 100). This allows for more efficient and accurate prediction of cumulative disturbances, which is critically important for ensuring high and stable quality of asphalt concrete mixture.

Keywords: asphalt concrete, asphalt concrete mixture, disturbance, control system, autoregressive model, forecasting, adaptive forecasting method, optimal length of series, forecast accuracy, mean absolute error